Lapidary
lap·i·dary | ˈla-pə-ˌder-ē
noun
A general term which is used for the cutting, shaping, polishing and creation of jewelry from precious and semi-precious stones
Lapidary is a general term that refers to the process of shaping stones or gemstones into engraved or specific shapes. This can include polishing, cutting, shaping, or crafting stones into jewelry. One who performs lapidary is called a lapidarist and is generally considered an expert in the process of cutting, grinding, and shaping precious stones. The term lapidary has also been used to describe those who collect or deal in gems, and in some cases is generalized enough to describe those who are highly knowledgeable about gemstones as a whole. However, in the purest sense, the term best refers to those who have specific knowledge and expertise in cutting and shaping stones.