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Igneous

ig·​ne·​ous | ˈig-nē-əs

adjective

A rock formed by solidification of magma or lava

Igneous rock forms through the crystallization process, often from hot molten rock that solidifies. The melt content that forms igneous rock forms within the Earth, close to the boundaries between plates and other hot spots that produce the temperatures needed to melt rock. It rises to the surface through a number of different natural processes. Intrusive and extrusive igneous rock may form depending on conditions and may contain any of a number of different types of gemstones, including beryl, diamond, garnet, peridot, quartz, spinel, topaz, tourmaline, and zircon.